The Reference Dataset Ontology describes general concepts, which are related to a reference dataset, including aspects of referencing, documentation and certification. The reference can be digital, bibliographical or material. The dataset can be related to any domain. This version encompasses datasets related to the domain of Material Science, and therefore also the concept of a reference material. The purpose of the Reference Dataset Ontology is to describe concepts, which are required to qualify a dataset as a reference dataset.
Reference data of materials are - documented according to certain standards as well as - curated (i.e., generated, maintained, preserved, validated) according to certain standards - quantitative data sets (i.e., data + their corresponding metadata) and - have been measured or simulated to a particularly high standard - for a material that has either experienced a well-documented process or is reference material or its composition and structure has been completely characterized. Reference data of materials can also be derived data from reference data. These data are distributed with a license (e.g., GPL) The here addressed standards for documentation, curation and measurement need to be defined for specific materials characteristics (e.g., creep tests) in terms of domain standards. These domain standards are the result of a steered community process. Standards should integrate as much as possible existing standards (e.g., the individual MatWerk domain standards should be as much as possible consistent).
Reference dataset
A creative work that refers to a structured collection of data, organized typically for a specific goal such as analysis, research, or reference.
A collection of data that consists of one or more files.
Dataset
Citation to another standard, part of a standard, or other material.
Reference
Material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable with respect to one or more specified properties, which has been established to be fit for its intended use in a measurement process.
Properties can be quantitative or qualitative, e.g. identity of substances or species. Uses may include the calibration of a measurement system, assessment of a measurement procedure, assigning values to other materials, and quality control.
Reference material
An expression of a bibliographic record in a specific format, that references a particular textual or data publication (or a work in preparation for publication). Each bibliographic reference is a list of items containing entities that describe aspects of the referenced work - for example authors, title, journal, publication year - selected from the bibliographic record. Note that because different journal styles may require omission of elements of the bibliographic record in references included in a paper's reference list (e.g. the title, the identifier, the names of the eighth and subsequent authors), and because errors can be introduced when an author creates a bibliographic reference, the bibliographic reference to a published work may not be a complete or fully accurate expression of the information contained within the authoritative bibliographic record for that work.
Bibliographic reference
1) Reference material accompanied by documentation issued by an authoritative body and providing one or more specified property values with associated uncertainties and traceabilities, using valid procedures. 2) Reference material characterized by a metrologically valid procedure for one or more specified properties, accompanied by a reference material certificate that provides the value of the specified property, its associated uncertainty, and a statement of metrological traceability.
The concept of value includes a nominal property or a qualitative attribute such as identity or sequence. Uncertainties for such attributes may be expressed as probabilities or levels of confidence.
Certified reference material
A documented instance of rules, guidelines, or characteristics for activities and/or their results, established by consensus and approved by a recognized body, aimed at the achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given context. Note 1: All instances identified by the same standard’s designation are often referred to as a standards’ family. Source: NISO SSOS WG adapting definitions of pre-existing standards
NISO SSOS WG adapting definitions of pre-existing standards
Standard
Document established by consensus and approved by a recognized body, that provides, for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities or their results, aimed at the achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given context
Norm
Realization of the definition of a given quantity, with stated quantity value and associated measurement uncertainty, used as a reference.
Measurement standard
An Information Bearing Artifact that bears an Information Content Entity which attests to certain demonstrated characteristics of an Object, Person, or Organization.
Certificate
Documentation is any communicable material that is used to describe, explain or instruct regarding some attributes of an object, system or procedure, such as its parts, assembly, installation, maintenance and use
Documentation
A legal document giving official permission to do something with the resource.
An information content entity that refers to a legal instrument (usually by way of contract law, with or without printed material) governing the use or redistribution of the resource containing the licence.
Creative Commons license
Licence
Attributes and additional data concerning the manufacturing of the tested material, test set-up, test system (measuring and test equipment), and the test piece, which allow for the evaluation of the quality/reliability of the measurements and a systematic search task of a database.
Metadata
Data directly acquired by sensors or measuring instruments during or after an experiment or simulation.
Primary data
Data determined by equations or algorithms using primary data and/or metadata.
Secondary data
This information is used to qualitatively and quantitatively describe a material by providing information on e.g. material properties, material structure, etc.
A planned process of managing and evaluating resources and data from the point of their creation to ensure that they are fit for contemporary purpose and available for discovery and reuse.
A creative work that defines the requirements, characteristics, or standards for the design, implementation, or operation of a system, product, or process.
A set of requirements, guidelines, standards contributed by an organization or a person.
specification
The most generic kind of creative work, including books, movies, photographs, software programs, etc.
CreativeWork
The activity of managing and promoting the use of data from their point of creation to ensure that they are fit for contemporary purpose and available for discovery and reuse.
Peter McQuilton
curation
The Digital Material Identifier value object refers to a dmi:DigitalMaterialIdentifier. A dmi:DigitalMaterialIdentifier is a resource identifier (IRI) that represents the specification of a material (in the sense of a material class) described in a specification document. The specification document can be, e.g., a standard, a datasheet, or any other citable document. Typically, a specification document requires some qualities that a material (in the sense of a portion of matter) has to comply with. Typical requirements include chemical compositions or physical properties.
URL of a thing.
url
A data property linking an entity to its description.
description
A data property relating a work to its Digital Object Identifier (DOI).
A data property relating a research project with a unique identifier, defined in a given context.
has project identifier
A data property linking something, for example a piece of equipment, to its serial number.
has serial number
A number or string that identifies different variants or releases of a resource.
has version
A data property relating an instrument with the model information.
instrument model
The date on which the CreativeWork was created or the item was added to a DataFeed.
dateCreated
Date of first broadcast/publication.
datePublished
The startTime of something. For a reserved event or service (eg FoodEstablishmentReservation), the time that it is expected to start.
startTime
duration
end date
start date
Relation between a resource, e.g. Material and it's description resource, e.g. Material description.
has description
A general relation linking a certification process to the certificate it produces.
issues certificate
Links a curation process to the resource it curates.
curates
A relation between a dataset and the material it contains data on.
about material
in scope of
This document is about information artifacts and their representations
A (currently) primitive relation that relates an information artifact to an entity.
'is about' relates an information entity to other entities in which the information entity holds some information which dscribes some facet of the other entity, such as the arrow direction on a sign.
7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg. Following discussion with Jonathan Rees, and introduction of "mentions" relation. Weaken the is_about relationship to be primitive. We will try to build it back up by elaborating the various subproperties that are more precisely defined. Some currently missing phenomena that should be considered "about" are predications - "The only person who knows the answer is sitting beside me" , Allegory, Satire, and other literary forms that can be topical without explicitly mentioning the topic.
person:Alan Ruttenberg
Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy
Alan Ruttenberg
is about
standard of
The property relates a resource to the standard it relies on.
has standard
A relation between a resource and a person, who is the author.
has author
has contributor
A relation between a dataset and a person or organization, who has created the data.
A relation between a resource and its documentation.
has documentation
The file format of the resource
has format
A relation which relates a material to its type or classification.
has material type
A relation between a material and a specific condition describing the current state of the material.
has material condition
A relation between a material and the material property investigated in a certain study, e.g. a dataset or workflow.
has material property
A relation between a research project and its members.
has member
A relation between two different resources, which indicates both are associated.
has related resource
A relation between a software and the website of the repository where it is stored.
has repository
A relation between a resource and method it implements, uses or describes.
uses method
The relationship between an entity and the set of legal restrictions, i.e. license, which are applied in using or otherwise interacting with that entity. Eg. relationship between software and a software license.
The relationship between an entity and the set of legal restrictions, i.e. license, which are applied in using or otherwise interacting with that entity. Eg. relationship between a software license and the software which implements it.
is license for
'is compatible license of' provides a method of marking two software licenses as compatible and without conflicts, e.g. that the Apache License version 2 is compatible with GNU GPL version 3. If two licenses are connected with this property, it means code released under one license can be released with code from the other license in a larger program.
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.html#WhatDoesCompatMean, accessed 12 June 2013.
is compatible license of
A citation or reference to another creative work, such as another publication, web page, scholarly article, etc.
citation
is part of
my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities)
my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity)
this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood)
a core relation that holds between a part and its whole
Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other.
Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'.
part_of
part of
has part
my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities)
my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity)
this year has part this day (occurrent parthood)
a core relation that holds between a whole and its part
Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part.
Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'.
has_part
realized in
this disease is realized in this disease course
this fragility is realized in this shattering
this investigator role is realized in this investigation
is realized by
realized_in
[copied from inverse property 'realizes'] to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003])
Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a realizable entity and a process, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process
has_specified_output
The inverse property of is_specified_output_of
PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
editor preferred label
editor preferred term
editor preferred term~editor preferred label
The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English)
PERSON:Daniel Schober
example of usage
A phrase describing how a term should be used and/or a citation to a work which uses it. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding, such as widely know prototypes or instances of a class, or cases where a relation is said to hold.
A phrase describing how a class name should be used. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding of a class semantics, such as widely known prototypical subclasses or instances of the class. Although essential for high level terms, examples for low level terms (e.g., Affymetrix HU133 array) are not.
definition
The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.
The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.
2012-04-05: Barry Smith The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible. Can you fix to something like: A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property. Alan Ruttenberg Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria. On the specifics of the proposed definition: We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition. Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable. We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with.
editor note
An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology.
term editor
Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people
20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/115.
definition source
Formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007
Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w
curator note
An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
A shortened form of a word or phrase. [Definition Source: NCI]
abbreviation
The non-unique initials or abbreviated name used for identification. [Definition Source: NCI]
acronym
[MIME] http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/
Examples of dimensions include size and duration. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the list of Internet Media Types [MIME].
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource. Examples of dimensions include size and duration. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the list of Internet Media Types.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource.
has_broad_synonym
has_exact_synonym
has_narrow_synonym
has_related_synonym
Note that this should be a super-property of hasRelatedSynonym, hasExactSynonym etc; however, we cannot state this and remain in OWL-DL
has_synonym